First Two-Way Electrochemical Sensor for the Detection of the Pollutant 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine and Its Metabolite Based on Cu-Containing Tungstophosphate and Graphene Oxide

2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-DNPH) is a toxic organic pollutant which highly threatening to human beings and their living environment. Therefore, it of great significance develop sensors for detecting 2,4-DNPH its metabolites. To two-way electrochemical sensor the detection metabolite, Cu-containing tungstophosphate (Na16P4W30Cu4(H2O)2O112·nH2O, Cu4P4W30) was selected study electrocatalytic activity reduction oxidation metabolite. First, behavior Cu4P4W30 investigated in solution; then, films containing graphene oxide (GO) were fabricated on indium tin (ITO) form modified ITO/PDDA/(Cu4P4W30/PDDA-GO)n electrode effect layer number performance studied, confirming optimal film number. Furthermore, sensing tested, giving linear concentration range limit. Finally, stability, repeatability, reproducibility evaluated. The findings demonstrated that proposed acted as